Problem solving techniques - learn the key to business success
Problem solving is an integral part of business operations. Regardless of the company's sector or size, businesses regularly encounter challenges that require effective and efficient solutions. The right approach and problem-solving techniques are key to business success. Learn about the practical process of problem solving and explore, several key techniques that can be extremely useful in your business.
Practical problem-solving process, i.e. from identification to implementation
Problem solving is a process that consists of several steps and each step is equally important. The first step is to identify the problem, i.e. to determine exactly what the problem is. It is essential to understand the exact nature of the problem in order to solve it effectively. Once the problem has been identified, the next step is to analyse and understand the causes that led to it. Only on the basis of this analysis can you move on to finding a solution. If you skip any step you may not be completely satisfied with the results you get.
Application of the 5W1H methodology
In the problem-solving process, especially in a business context, it is important to ask the right questions in order to get the full picture and find the optimal solution. To this end, the 5W1H methodology is often used, which is an acronym for six key questions: who, what, where, when, why and how. This comprehensive technique allows for accurate identification, analysis and understanding of the problem, leading to more effective corrective action.
● The "who" question is about identifying the people or actors involved in the problem. In the context of an organisation, questions can be asked about the responsibilities, competences and roles of individuals who have an impact on the problem. Identifying the relevant stakeholders is crucial for effective communication and collaboration.
● "What" focuses on the essence of the problem. In this question, it is important to describe precisely what anomalies, gaps or weaknesses exist. Defining the problem specifically and explicitly avoids blurring and focuses on the most important aspects.
● "Where" refers to the place where the problem occurs. This can be a physical location, such as a factory or office, but also an area of operations, processes or systems where the problem is present. By recognizing the location, it is possible to identify the environmental factors that may be contributing to the problem.
● "When" refers to the time when the problem is occurring or has occurred. It is important to determine whether the problem is one-time, periodic or ongoing in order to understand its dynamics and possible trends. Time-based analysis allows detection of seasonality, dependence on specific periods or correlation with other events.
● "Why" is a question about the causes of a problem. In a 'why' analysis, we focus on identifying the main factors that lead to a problem. This can range from technical to organisational, human or process factors. Understanding the causes of a problem is key to effectively taking corrective action.
Cause-effect analysis - Ishikawa diagram in the identification of causes of problems
Problem solving requires not only the identification of the problem itself, but also a deeper analysis of the causes that led to it. In this context, the Ishikawa diagram, also known as a cause-effect diagram or fish diagram, is an extremely useful tool.
The Ishikawa diagram is a graphical tool that helps to visually represent cause-effect relationships. The problem itself is placed in the centre of the diagram, and then the outgoing branches represent the different categories of causes. Five main categories, called 'fish', are most commonly used: people, processes, environment, machinery and materials. Each of these categories may have additional subcategories that are used to identify the causes in more detail.
In the process of creating the Ishikawa diagram, the problem-solving team is assigned the task of identifying the causes in each category. Then, for each cause, you can add further branches that represent more detailed secondary causes. This process can continue until you have reached as much accuracy as possible and fully understand the relationship between the causes and the problem.
The Ishikawa diagram helps to identify the causes of problems in a systematic and structured way. It enables the problem-solving team to see the full picture of the situation, consider the different aspects and identify key areas for further analysis. In addition, by visually depicting cause-and-effect relationships, the Ishikawa diagram enhances communication within the team and enables a better understanding of the problem by the everyone involved.
The 5DL method - an innovative approach to effective problem solving
In todays dynamic and competitive business environment, effective problem solving requires creativity, innovation and flexibility. In this context, the 5DL method, which is an acronym for the five elements: Definition, Deconstruction, Dissociation, Desentralisation and Discretion, offers an innovative approach to effective problem solving.
Definition is the first element of the 5DL methodology and involves precisely defining the problem. In this step, it is crucial to precisely define the scope of the problem, its boundaries and expected outcomes. By clearly defining the problem, the problem-solving team can focus on specific aspects and avoid distractions.
Deconstruction involves analysing a problem into smaller components or elements. This technique helps to identify and understand the different aspects of the problem, its components and the relationships between them. By breaking down the problem into smaller parts, it becomes possible to better understand its structure and be able to focus on the most important areas.
Dissociation is an element of the 5DL methodology that involves looking at a problem from a different perspective or using out-of-the-box thinking. This technique encourages people to go beyond traditional thinking and look for alternative ways to solve a problem. Being open to new ideas and approaching different viewpoints can lead to the discovery of innovative solutions.
Desentralisation refers to analysing a problem by breaking it down into smaller elements to better understand how they relate to each other. This technique allows you to identify the key factors that influence the problem and understand how changes in one element can affect the whole. Desynthesis enables a more strategic and holistic approach to solving a problem.
Discretion is the final element of the 5DL methodology and refers to breaking down a problem into smaller stages or action steps. By splitting the problem into discrete tasks, the problem-solving process can be better managed and progress can be monitored more effectively. Discretion helps to avoid feeling overwhelmed by problems.